|
|
| Malignant |
|
Having the properties of cancerous growth.
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Mapping |
|
Determining the physical location of a gene or genetic marker on a chromosome. (See Continuous map, Genetic map, Physical map.)
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Megabase cloning |
|
The cloning of very large DNA fragments. (See Cloning.)
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Meiosis |
|
The reduction division process by which haploid gametes and spores are formed, consisting of a single duplication of the genetic material followed by two mitotic divisions.
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Messenger RNA (mRNA). |
|
The class of RNA molecules that copies the genetic information from DNA, in the nucleus, and carries it to ribosomes, in the cytoplasm, where it is translated into protein. (See RNA.)
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Metabolism |
|
The biochemical processes that sustain a living cell or organism.
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Metallothionein |
|
A protective protein that binds heavy metals, such as cadmium and lead.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Microbial mats (biofilms) |
|
Layered groups or communities of microbial populations.
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Microinjection |
|
A means to introduce a solution of DNA, protein, or other soluble material into a cell using a fine microcapillary pipet.
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Mitosis |
|
The replication of a cell to form two daughter cells with identical sets of chromosomes.
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Molecular biology |
|
The study of the biochemical and mo- lecular interactions within living cells.
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Molecular cloning |
|
The biological amplification of a specific DNA sequence through mitotic division of a host cell into which it has been transformed or transfected. (See Cloning.)
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Molecular genetics |
|
The study of the flow and regulation of genetic information between DNA, RNA, and protein molecules.
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Monoclonal antibodies |
|
Immunoglobulin molecules of single- epitope specificity that are secreted by a clone of B cells.
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Monoculture |
|
The agricultural practice of cultivating crops consisting of genetically similar organisms.
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Monogenic |
|
Controlled by or associated with a single gene.
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Movable genetic element |
|
(See Transposon.)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Multi-locus probe |
|
A probe that hybridizes to a number of different sites in the genome of an organism. (See Probe.)
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Mutagen |
|
Any agent or process that can cause mutations. See Mutation.
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Mutation |
|
An alteration in DNA structure or sequence of a gene. (See Point mutation.)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Mycorrhizae |
|
Fungi that form symbiotic relationships with roots of more developed plants.
|
|
|
|
